的字结构可以表示法律行为的主体和法律行为的所有假设因素是实现立法要求的句容性的有效方法。 它们主要有以下几种形式由抽象词组成, 如红的是我的, 绿的是你的; 由动宾词组的组成, 例如,值得高兴的是, 他没有受伤;由主谓词组的, 例如他指的不是这件事。的字结构在法律文书尤为常见。的字结构的多种形式, 用于法律文书的主要有动宾词组的, 如构成犯罪的获得证书的等等。 的字结构省略了主语，在英译，可以有两种选择第一，改主动为被动；第二，补全主语。而后者是用的较多的那一类。 例如 1因正当防卫造成损害的，不承担民事责任。 A person who causes harm in exercising justifiable defense shall not bear civil liability. 2违法家保护环境防止污染的规定，污染环境造成他人损害的，应当依法承 抇民事责任。 Any person who pollutes the environment and causes damages to others in violation of state provisions for environmental protection and the prevention of pollution shall bear civil liability in accordance with the law. 在汉译英时，的字结构也有一些具体的方法和技巧 译成由If引导的条件状语从句，强调一种假设的情况。 译成if句式多为假设在某一法律过程如果发生了某种情况 多为违法的，而下文则表示 该承担责任或履行某项法律程序，或执行某项法律规定；in case in the event of 句式和if句式相似，但强调后果的严重性及执行某法律程序的必然性。与前两者相比，if最常用，表示频率高的情况。 1公司不按照本法规定提取法定公积金法定公益金的，责令如数补足应当提取的金额，并可对公司处以一万元以上十万元以下的罚款。 If, in accordance with this Law, a company fails to make allocations to its statutory common reserve fund or its statutory common welfare fund, the company shall be ordered to make up the exact amount which should have been allocated and shall also be subject to a fine of at least RMB 10,000 and no more than RMB 100,000. 2因不满16岁不予刑事处罚的，责令他的家长或者监护人加以管教，在必要的时候，也可以由政府收容教养。 If a person is not given criminal punishment because he has not reached the age of 16, the head of his family or his guardian shall be ordered to discipline him. When necessary, he may be taken in by the government for rehabilitation. 3储存运输处置城市生活垃圾违反本法规定的，按照关于环境保护和城市环境卫生的有关规定予以处罚。 If any person or unit stores, transports or treats urban house refuse against the provisions of this Law, he or it shall be punished in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State Council regarding environmental protection and urban environmental sanitation. 2译成由when或where引导的状语从句 商业广告的内容符合要约规定的，视为要约。 Where the contents of a commercial advertisement comply with the terms, provisions and conditions of the offer, it shall be deemed to be an offer. 法律行政法规规定应当办理批准登记等手续生效的，依照其规定。 Where a contract may become effective only after the completion of approval and registration procedure according to the provisions of laws and administrative regulations, such provisions shall govern. 以不正当手段取得医师执业证书的，由发给证书的卫生行政部门予以吊销。 Where a person obtains the doctors license by illegitimate means, the administrative department for health that granted the license shall revoke it. 3. 译成名词性从句，主要是whoever 引导的主语从句，或anywhothat 引导的定语从句。 1向不满十八岁的未成年人传播淫秽物品的，从重处罚。 Whoever disseminates pornographic materials to a minor under the age of 18 shall be given a heavier punishment. 2与境外机构组织个人相勾结，犯前款罪的，依照前款的规定。 Whoever commits the crime prescribed in the preceding paragraph in collusion with any organ, organization or individual outside the territory of China shall be punished according to the provisions in the preceding paragraph. 故意犯罪的，应当负刑事责任。 Anyone that intentionally commits a crime shall bear criminal responsibility. 4. 译成并列的简单句或动名词形式。对于 有下列情况之一的或有下列行为之一的总括句，往往多个相同的并列结构紧随其后可以根据句子的含义和总括句主语翻译成由 HeIt 引导的简单句或动名词形式。 4.1 译成几个并列的简单句 评审专家有下列行为之一的， 1．不履行基金管理机构规定的评审职责的； 2.未依照本条例规定申请回避的； 3.披露末公开的与评审有关的信息的； In case any of the following acts committed by an evaluation expert, He fails to perform the appraising duties as prescribed by the fund management organ; He fails to apply for withdrawal in accordance with these Regulations; He reveals the information on the evaluation that has not been publicized; 4.2 译成动名词形式 人民法受理破申请前一年内，涉及债人财的下列行为， 管理人有权请求人民法予以撤销 ①无偿转让财的 ②以明显不合理的价格进行交易的； ③对没有财担保的债提供财担保的； Within one year before the peoples court accepts an application for bankruptcy, the bankruptcy custodian has the right to request the court to revoke any of the following acts related to the debtors assets ①Transferring the assets free of charge; ②Trading at an obviously unreasonable price; ③Offering asset guarantee to those debts without any guarantee; 汉英法律语言的字结构的频繁使用是为了达到语言庄重简洁严谨的效果，同时体现了法律语言的程式化特点。另外，汉语法律语言的字结构构成的词组常用作主语，表示假定的条件，通常前置。如以营利为目的，制作贩卖淫书淫画的，处3年以下有期徒刑拘役或者管制，可以并处罚金。可见，由的字结构构成的主语形式具有很强的概括性，可以成为一个具有代表性的概念，从而符合法律语言的需要。总之，需要用一个名词性的成分表达这一概念。
